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  • “It’s Not a Spiritual Attack”— Spine Surgeon Debunks Scoliosis Misconceptions

    In his eight years as a spine surgeon, Dr Mutahleeb Shobode has seen it all — from babies born with scoliosis to adolescents and adults who develop the condition over time. And one thing he’s noticed is Nigerians would rather waste time looking for who to blame than finding an immediate solution.

    What exactly do you do? 

    I’m a consultant spine and arthroplasty surgeon specialising in spine deformity correction. I’ve been doing this for about eight years now, with five years dedicated to scoliosis and kyphosis. 

    What are those? 

    While scoliosis involves a sideways bend in the spine, kyphosis is quite the opposite. It’s a forward-to-backwards bend of the spine like you see in hunchbacks. Trauma, accident and diseases such as tuberculosis can lead to different deformities in your spine. 

    What part of the spine does scoliosis affect? 

    The curve could be in the upper, middle or lower back. Or everywhere at once. 

    How do you know you have scoliosis? 

    In most situations, friends and family of the patient usually notice the physical changes. A sideways bend of the back, hip bone sticking out or bump on the back, among other things.

    But what are the causes? 

    The most common scoliosis cases in the world are idiopathic — that is, there’s no known cause. Even though it affects infants, adolescents and adults alike, it’s most prominent in people aged 10-18.

    Is there a cure?

    Yes, and it’s surgery. Let me add that exercise, yoga, physiotherapy, or drugs can’t cure scoliosis, nor can they stop the progression. Their only function is to help you deal with the pain that comes with it. 

    Oh wow. What about braces?

    After a “bracing in adolescent scoliosis” trial was done in the UK, they noticed bracing worked on patients who were still growing. It helped delay the curve and assist in correcting the spine. But for adults way past puberty, the back brace has no use. 

    Okay. What type of surgery is needed?

    A spinal fusion surgery. The curved bones of the spine are fused together in order to heal into a solid bone. The fusion usually involves using some type of bone material, referred to as bone graft. 

    Are there risks involved in surgery?

    Of course, just like with every other surgery. Sometimes, there’s bleeding, allergic reaction to the anaesthesia and infections. But these are very rare instances. It’s like aeroplanes. Millions of people fly all the time. Even though there’s a possibility of a plane crash, it isn’t common. 

    Fair enough. Does age have anything to do with the risks? 

    Risks are not dependent on age but rather on the severity of the curve. So even though 45-50 degrees is the average determinant for surgery, if I see a 12-year-old who hasn’t started menstruation but already has a 40-degree curve, I’d recommend surgery. Because after puberty, the curve will grow rapidly. 

    Who’s the youngest patient you’ve had to perform surgery on? 

    A three-year-old baby girl. Her curve magnitude was 45 degrees, and her condition was congenital scoliosis — she was born with it.

    Are there other types? 

    Oh yes. There are the congenital and neuromuscular types. Congenital scoliosis occurs during organogenesis — when the child’s organs are forming, and there’s a lack of proper formation of the spine. 

    From as early as two/three years, the child begins to bend. Because this affects babies in their formation stages, pregnant women are advised to attend antenatal, eat right, exercise, stay away from overcrowded places to avoid contracting viruses and avoid taking unprescribed drugs. 

    What about neuromuscular scoliosis? 

    You may have a heart, kidney or genitalia dysfunction, and scoliosis could be one of the symptoms. The easiest way to control this is through surgery. 

    What’s the most common misconception people have about scoliosis? 

    One thing I’ve continuously heard from patients and their families is that it’s a spiritual attack. So instead of finding a solution, they waste time pointing fingers in the wrong direction.

    Scoliosis is just a condition. When you start noticing it, see a spine surgeon or orthopaedic doctor so they can measure and monitor your progressions. 

    How often do you suggest a visit to the doctor? 

    It would help if you got an x-ray every six months. Your spine grows at a rate of 0.6 degrees a year. With scoliosis, your back may eventually crumble. Regular x-rays will help you monitor and manage it. 

    Meyimi O.

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  • My Scoliosis Condition Worsened Once I Put a Name to It

    Nelly started to experience a series of back spasms at 40 years old. To find the cause, she did a full body checkup at the hospital. And was shocked when her x-ray result revealed she had scoliosis — a curvature in her spine — a condition she’d been living with all her life. 

    A banner with an illustration of curved spine to promote scoliosis awareness.

    When did you find out you had scoliosis? 

    Sometime in June 2021. My office was still trying to adjust to the post-covid era, so even though we were back to going to the office, we tried to practice social distancing as much as possible. My meetings were still virtual, and I spent countless hours bent over my desk. So, of course, my posture was the first thing I blamed when I started to feel spasms in my back. And led me to get the x-ray.

    I can imagine. How did you react when you got your results and saw you had scoliosis?

    Before I got the diagnosis, I’d never even heard of scoliosis. So when the full body scan came out positive for it, I was confused. It also said my case was idiopathic— it had no known cause. I immediately went to Google. Trust the site to show you the most horrifying pictures. I was so scared.

    Then I remembered all the times when my friends had tried to point out that one of my shoulder blades was higher than the other, and I walked in a “funny” way, tilting to the right. There was even a day I looked at myself in the mirror and noticed my back was like a snake.

    Image of the back of a woman showing her curved spine
    Source: Freepik

    I just brushed it off like most of us Nigerians do. I thought what you didn’t know couldn’t kill you. 

    What did you do after finding out about the condition?

    The question should be, what didn’t I do? If the back pain was a 1 initially, after I went to the hospital, it started to feel like a 20. I was sleeping and waking up on Google, looking at pictures, researching the cause, crying and asking God why he allowed this to happen to me. Whenever I picked up my phone, scoliosis was all I saw. 

    That sounds haunting. Was there anything that helped?

    From exercises to correct sleeping positions, I tried them all. Instead of lying face down, I changed to lying face up because it was supposed to help. I’d also wake up early, around 4:30 a.m., to start exercising before I got ready for work. I even got a pillow to provide support for my back when I was sitting.

    But what did the doctors prescribe?

    The doctor that conducted my x-ray recommended a brace, which I got for ₦21k at the time and started wearing under my outfits to work. 

    I can’t remember how long I wore it for, but aside from the general discomfort, it ruined my style. Whenever I wore a jacket, it looked like something was popping out my back.

    I could barely bend, and I looked physically uncomfortable. One day at the office, my boss called and asked why I was wearing it if it made me so uncomfortable. I was living life just fine before I went to the hospital, so I went to the restroom and took it off. And that was when I decided to get a second opinion.

    How did that go? 

    The doctor I met said the curve wasn’t so bad. And I only needed a physiotherapist and exercise. The physiotherapist I saw claimed it was actually very bad, but he could “cure” it if I did sessions for a year. Each session was ₦5k. 

    As the Igbo girl I am, I told him I wanted to pay for one month first, but I wasn’t going to pay that price, especially when I planned to have a lot of sessions. We settled for ₦2k per session and three sessions a week. 

    That’s ₦6k a week? 

    Yes, ₦24k for the month. The physiotherapist asked to see my workstation and bed, so I sent pictures. He asked me to change my office chair, suggesting something to help reduce my slouching and straighten my back. I also had to change my bed because it was old and wasn’t as sturdy. 

    Did that work?

    They helped with the spasms but didn’t change that I still had an S-curved spine. And when you have a condition like that, it messes with your self-esteem. I became very conscious of how my body looked. 

    Sorry you had to go through that.

    Thanks. The first person I told was my mum. I called her crying and asked why she hadn’t noticed something was wrong with me while growing up. According to the doctor, I’d had scoliosis from birth. She said how I would have gotten it since I didn’t fall while I was a baby, nor did I ever carry heavy loads on my back. She asked who even told me I had scoliosis. 

    My siblings were not left out. Every call with them ended with me crying. I even downloaded the images I saw online and sent to them. They became more worried when I started considering surgery because that was the only solution. They tried to convince me I was perfect the way I was and didn’t need the surgery. 

    What about your husband?

    He consoled me whenever I felt sad and also began to give me back massages when the spasms started. In the first few months, I even stopped sweeping or doing any chores that’d make me bend.

    My people tried their best. But there’s nothing like having someone to talk to who can actually relate to your condition. So you can imagine my excitement when I stumbled on a WhatsApp link to a group for “scoliwarriors”. 

    When you say “stumbled”?

    Reading about scoliosis online paid off. I can’t trace where exactly I saw the link, but I know I joined the group. Some people asked questions and shared pictures of their backs. I also started to ask a lot of questions.

    That was when I got a private message from a member who said she thought I needed to meet with a surgeon for a proper evaluation. She gave me a contact, and I immediately chatted the surgeon up and booked the nearest appointment since he was in Lagos. 

    I had to do another x-ray. He measured my curve and said it was only 43 degrees. Considering the matureness of my bones, he didn’t think I had anything to worry about. He said if the curve was up to 50 degrees, he’d have advised surgery. 

    I told him my body was constantly aching. I couldn’t sleep face down anymore; I felt like it was compressing my lungs, and I was dying inside. 

    What did he say to that?

    He still insisted I should go on enjoying my life. That I was paranoid because of all the things I’d read online. He invited me to watch the scoliosis surgery he was performing that weekend to prove the whole thing wasn’t as horrifying as I imagined.

    And did you go?

    I got there before the doctor. Watching the procedure was fascinating, and he allowed me to take pictures. Because I’d witnessed a surgery first-hand, I made a video to encourage people in my scoliwarrior group who needed surgery but were too scared to go through the process. 

    That’s when a girl texted me that her 15-year-old sister had scoliosis, and her mum had been warned by their pastor that if she had the surgery she’d die. 

    Oh wow.

    I got valuable materials about the surgery from the internet and asked her to share them with her mum. I also assured her the surgeon was one of the best orthopaedic doctors in the world, so she was in safe hands. 

    Eventually, the mum agreed. But then, the surgery cost ₦7m, and the family only had ₦2m. I called my surgeon, Dr Mutaleeb and told him about the situation on ground. The woman was a widow and the girl desperately needed to have the surgery. 

    To show my determination, I sent ₦500k to his account as my donation towards the cause. And I challenged him to add his own ₦500k. I also added him to our WhatsApp group.

    Were you present at the surgery?

     Oh no. The surgery was at the National Orthopaedic Hospital in Kano. I followed up with the surgeon and the girl’s mother from when they got there until after the successful surgery.  

    Are you still considering surgery?

    Honestly, it depends on the outcome of my test next month. In September, I noticed that my curve had become more obvious. I think it’s because I’ve added weight, but I can’t say for sure until I do my x-ray and measure the progression. 

    My pastor thinks I shouldn’t go for surgery, though. That God will heal me. I said amen in faith, but I’ve also made it clear that if I need surgery, I’ll go for it. 

    So far, what do you consider your biggest win as a scoliwarrior?

    Fellow scoliwarriors are no longer scared of having surgery. Sometimes, some insist I go with them for the procedure, and I show up. I’ve witnessed about four surgeries.  

    Another achievement for me would be bringing the surgeon in as a member of our organisation. People need help, and they need to be able to access it. 

    I’ve also met amazing people in the group, and we keep growing. Right now, we’re about 161 participants on WhatsApp. Whether I’m on the road or visiting a friend, I’m always on the lookout for anyone who might be suffering from scoliosis. 

    If you require scoliosis surgery but can’t afford it, or you’d like to join a community of scoliwarriors. Visit BACS on Instagram or check their website for more information.

    Meyimi O.

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  • At 11 Years Old, Life Threw Me a Curved Spine

    Scoliosis happens when the spine curves sideways, and it’s common in childhood or early adolescence. For a condition that affects about 5.3% of the Nigerian population very few people know about it. So for Scoliosis Awareness, we’re sharing stories of real-life scoliwarriors.

    For some people life throws curve balls. But for others, it’s a curved spine in the form of Scoliosis. This is the story of Ojimaojo, a 22year old who has been living with scoliosis for half her life. 

    This interview has been edited for structure and clarity.

    How did you find out you had scoliosis?

    When I was 11 years old, my parents used to think my walking posture was because I was trying to act like a baby for some reason. Because my spine was already curving to the right, I had a slight tilt to one side and walked at a slower pace. But then, I started to suffer backaches. After two years of increasing pain, no improvement in my walking posture and noticeable changes in my body — my shoulders were slanted, and I was bending to the right — we decided to visit a doctor. 

    After I got diagnosed with scoliosis, I became more inquisitive. I didn’t have a phone at the time, so I couldn’t really do my own research. I kept asking my doctor questions about what the condition meant for me and how it could be handled. 

    Questions like?

    What the cause of scoliosis was, if there was a way I would have prevented it, what it would mean in the coming years or what my options for treatment were.

    That was when I found out that the condition could either be inherited from birth, develop from an injury to the spine, or just appear from nowhere. And they provided two treatment options: a back brace or surgery. 

    Usually, the curves were measured in degrees, and since my curve was just about 20 degrees (you needed to be at about 40 degrees for surgery) and not affecting any of my vital organs, we opted for the back brace. 

    Hand holding a back brace for spine alignment
    An image of the back brace

    How did that go? 

    Omo, it was hard. Having to wear a brace was so uncomfortable and restrictive. I couldn’t bend or do any strenuous activity. And after a year of wearing it, I told my mum it wasn’t giving what it was supposed to give. It didn’t feel like it was doing much, and we had to seek a second opinion.

    Which was?

    We were referred to an orthopaedic hospital in Abuja, which referred us to a guy that made braces. He checked the brace I’d been wearing, and it turned out I had been using the wrong type the whole time. He said the one I was using was made for accident victims, not for someone with a case as idiopathic as mine.

    Idio—what now?

    Haha. It means a condition that has no known cause.

    He gave me a Boston brace after, which actually worked in restricting my curve from growing, compared to the previous one. But after about a year, I told my mum I thought it had done enough and I wasn’t going to wear it anymore.

    If it was working so well, why did you stop? 

    I feel like it had done what it was supposed to do. And the discomfort was too much. Imagine having to wear them for at least eight hours daily. That was basically from when I woke up until the close of school. On some days when it got overwhelming, I took it off in class to allow my back breathe.

    Isn’t the brace something you wore under your clothes? 

    Lol, yes, it is. But it was an all-girls school too. So I’d sneak to a corner and have one of my friends on the lookout while I took it out. On one of those days, I got into trouble with the vice principal, and to date, it’s one of the worst experiences living with scoliosis. 

    What happened?

    The whole class had gotten into trouble for noise-making. So when the vice principal asked the entire class to kneel, I just crouched beside everyone because I technically couldn’t kneel. When he noticed, he got upset and even when everyone tried to tell him that I had a condition, he didn’t listen. He walked up and gave me two heavy slaps on my back. 

    Your back? OMG 

    I literally just froze. I can tell he started to feel remorseful afterwards because he asked me to stand up. I couldn’t blame him for not knowing about my condition. With over 900 students in the school, there was no way he’d know about everyone. 

    That’s awful. Having to deal with secondary school and scoliosis could not have been easy

    It wasn’t always so bad, to be honest. I went to a boarding school, so I spent most of my time there. And because my seniors knew about my condition, I was usually exempted from strenuous chores and punishments. But that may have fuelled the negative comments I got. One person once said my back looked like a “C”. 

    Considering secondary school was six years ago, what’s different now? 

    I’ve gotten really comfortable in my skin. And it’s become easier for me to spot people with the same condition. I’m not a professional, but I’ve tried to help people in the best way I can by providing them with directions and things to look out for. 

    That’s awesome. So it’s smooth sailing from here?

    For the most part, yes. However, I had to visit the doctor earlier this year, in May. The pain had started to get more frequent again, and I couldn’t work for long hours without feeling the need to lie down. The doctor said the curve had reached its peak and would no longer be growing. So he prescribed some painkillers. 

    Is there anything you think scoliosis has stopped you from doing?

    Not really. It’s not a deformity but a part of me that I’ve accepted. So, I’m good. I still have my back brace, though. It’s just in my wardrobe as a memento.

    Meyimi O.

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  • What She Said: Scoliosis Won’t Stop Me From Retiring at 35

    Navigating life as a woman in the world today is interesting. From Nigeria to Timbuktu, it’ll amaze you how similar all our experiences are. Every Wednesday, women the world over will share their experiences on everything from sex to politics right here. This is Zikoko’s What She Said.

    This week’s #ZikokoWhatSheSaid subject is Itohan, a 20-year-old Nigerian woman. She talks about why surviving a scoliosis surgery was big for her, getting surgery in India, gaining weight after and growing into a thrill seeker who plans to retire at 35.

    Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine. The cause isn’t known, but symptoms typically occur from childhood and range from a hump in the lower back to uneven shoulders/hips.

    What’s something about your life that makes you happy?

    I guess my happy story is accomplishing shit. I’m a big brain, and to be honest, that’s bad bitch doings.

    Okay, smarty pants. What’s one big thing you’ve done at 20 that blows your mind?

    I’d say surviving my scoliosis surgery. That was big for me.

    In what way?

    The things I got to achieve after. I mean, it fucked up my weight and mental. But it is what it is; it happened. 

    I didn’t know I had scoliosis, right? I had a funny walk when I was 13, and my mum thought I was trying to do guy. But that same year, I saw a bunch of pamphlets about different medical things at home. It had everything on scoliosis, lung and heart diseases. I loved to read as a child, so I read all of them. 

    And?

    When I was done with the scoliosis pamphlet, I gave it to my mum and told her the symptoms were exactly what was happening to me. She read it and called my aunt who’s a nurse in the UK. She said I should go for an x-ray. I was right. 

    How did you feel about the diagnosis at 13?

    I felt relieved. Growing up, people made so many comments about my body. They still do, but back then, the comments made me feel like everything was my fault. So even though it was kind of sad finding out, I also felt happy. 

    I also wouldn’t have figured things out without reading the pamphlets. That’s why when people say they don’t self-diagnose, I’m like hmm… that’s what saved my life.

    So how did things progress after confirming it was scoliosis?

    Getting surgery was the first option, but I didn’t want one. The idea just made me so uncomfortable, and my mum said I didn’t have to do it if there were other options to explore. So that’s what began the many many hospital visits. 

    Were there drastic changes in other parts of your life?

    I was out of school more than I was in it. There were hospital visits three times a week, with a lot of tests and scans. But I was in SS 3, so for the most part, I didn’t need to be in school. The exhausting part for my mum and I was showing up at the hospital.

    But why so many hospital visits if you weren’t getting surgery though?

    I needed to get a brace customised for me at Igbobi Hospital. The doctors said there was nothing they could do except try to stop the spine from bending anymore. As in, my spine will be bent o, but they’d try to prevent it from getting worse.

    Omo 

    The doctors also told me my mum was irresponsible for not knowing I had scoliosis. When it’s not like scoliosis is something they teach everyone everywhere. 

    I’m really sorry about that. Did the brace help with your back, at least?

    No. It was so uncomfortable. I cried the first day I wore it. My mum had to hold me when we got home. I didn’t want to wear the god-forsaken thing. It was made of plastic, looked so weird and made my clothes bulky. And they said I’d have to wear it for at least 22 hours a day. As in, I’d sleep in it and only take it off to bathe. 

    I didn’t put it on again after the first day. I was ready to have the surgery and kept going for consultations until then..

    When did that happen?

    A year later. I’d turned 14 by then. Making the decision meant another round of tests. The main question was where the surgery could be done? My mum didn’t want it to halt my life. She wanted somewhere that would guarantee I’d get healed quickly and move on. Nigeria wasn’t an option for us.

    So how did things go in India?

    Can you believe the doctors in Igbobi refused to release my x-ray? They asked me to stay in Nigeria so they could monitor the progression of my sickness for the doctors to learn.

    I’m screaming

    LOL. My mother said, “you want to use my only child for practicals”. We stole my x-ray. We told one of the doctors we needed a photocopy of the documents. They told us to talk to the student doctors instead for any questions we had. I guess they were busy that day. 

    Luckily, the student didn’t stress about getting the documents for us to make photocopies. Turned out the main doctor in charge of my case had it in the boot of his car; is he not mad? When the student brought it back, my mum took it, entered our car and never went back to the hospital.

    Love it!

    A lot of James Bond stuff happened o. Like I paid for it, it was my property, but I had to steal it.

    But why did you choose India?

    Hospitals in the US said I’d need to stay for a year post-surgery. The UK said six months, Germany was three months, but India gave me two weeks to get back into a normal routine. Clearly, you can see where we went.

    Weren’t the extra days needed for recovery?

    They also wanted to use me for practicals. Staying was less about the recovery and more about monitoring my movement and abilities. It’s not common to have scoliosis surgery. Only 2% – 3% of children get it, so people wanted to use me as a test subject.

    So what happened after the Igbobi James bond saga?

    LOL. We started doing research on Indian hospitals for scoliosis surgery. We found one with the help of my mum’s old classmates. She also had a child who’d had surgery in India and recommended a place.

    How did it feel knowing things were about to get better?

    Experiencing India for the first time was the best part of the process. Their food slaps. But when they attempted to make Nigerian food in the hospital? The ghetto. I guess they were trying to make me comfortable as a child. And they seemed to like Nigerians as well. 

    I had doctors who’d come in after looking at my file saying “You Nigerian? I love Abuja, Lagos. Yes, yes. Great people.” The energy just didn’t reach the food. Imagine putting one whole okra in my stew. No grating or boiling, just raw okra inside stew to eat rice.

    LOL. Okra and rice is normal in Côte d’Ivoire, sis.

    Fair enough. The free drinks were compensation. Once you enter a shop, “orange juice? mango juice?” everywhere. 

    Free? Please explain this to my Lagosian eyes.

    LOL. It was their culture. Whenever you went into a store they’d hand you a pet-sized bottle of juice. Maybe it had to do with being a foreigner. I drank juice tire sha. And the hospital stuffed me with milk at least four times a day because I needed the calcium.

    It sounds like you had a pretty good time considering you were there for risky surgery

    Being sad wasn’t going to change anything. The best thing to do was eat the free food and enjoy the city. I was cleared to leave after two weeks, but we stayed an extra two or three days because my mum’s passport was seized at the hospital.

    Sorry?!

    Yeah, Nigeria was refusing to let our money clear. My cousins in the UK and US sent money as well, but it didn’t reflect. The hospital could see we’d tried to pay, so they kept my mum’s passport while they waited to receive the funds.

    That’s crazy stuff. How were you doing post-surgery though?

    I gained a lot of weight. Of course, the food had something to do with it. But because I had just done surgery on my spine, I wasn’t active. For six months, I couldn’t play rugby like I used to in school or move around too much.

    What did you do with the six months of inactivity?

    JAMB lessons. The year I went for the surgery cut into my time for JAMB and WAEC. Not getting into school with my friends really got to me. But my mum wanted me to be useful to myself and forced me to focus on writing the exams. Eventually, things got better.

    How?

    First, I was taller. The surgery straightened the bones of my back to an extent. 

    Nice. And the second part?

    I eventually got into uni when I was 15. But there was a strike in federal universities right before I was meant to resume, so I had to stay home. I got a job as a cashier and an assistant at a pharmacy close to my house. I didn’t want to be stuck at home doing nothing all over again. And being good at the job made me feel validated and important. 

    That’s really sweet

    Yeah. Uni was also a pretty good experience for me. I got a full scholarship for my whole degree and that boosted the way I saw myself. I felt smart, and I hadn’t felt that way in a long time. 

    No one tells you how difficult it is to be held back because you’re sick. I gained so much weight from all the food in India and the rest period too. It really fucked up my psyche. The medications added to how much my body changed, so I know it’s out of my control.

    Hm. What parts of life are you looking forward to in your 20s?

    Retiring at 35. I’ve been working since I was 14. After the pharmacy job, I wrote non-fictional stories about the people I met. I got a job as a writer when I was 18, and I’ve worked my way up to being a junior editor since then.  

    So after all that work, I can’t retire like other people at 60. The corporate world shouldn’t have that much of my life.

    LOL. I feel like everyone says this, but it’ll eventually get really boring having that much free time at 35

    LOL. Going through surgery makes you realise just how much life has to offer. And I want to live a full life. I want to dance, sing, teach, travel and live as many lives as possible. It doesn’t have to be a long life for me; it just has to be full.

    If you’d like to be my next subject on #WhatSheSaid, click here to tell me why  

    Ortega

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